Description: The term pericoronitis refers to inflammation in the gingival tissue around the crown of a partially erupted tooth. The lower molars are the usual site. Gingiva around the crown is red, swollen, and painful. It is seen almost exclusively in those teeth which are partially erupted.
Etiology: Pericoronitis is caused by bacterial infection of the gingiva. The anatomical circumstances that sets the stage for this disease develops when the crown of an erupting tooth has partially erupted through gingiva. The pericoronal dental follicle becomes a cul-de-sac extension of the mouth. This is an excellent place for bacterial growth, nurtured by stagnant fluid movement and accumulation of debris.
Treatment: Treatment consists of flushing out the space with sterile water or saline. Systemic antibiotics are indicated in severe infections. If the associated tooth will not erupt completely, it should be extracted. Minimally invasive surgical removal of the tissue tag generally promotes healing also.
Prognosis: Good
Differential diagnosis: The disease is so characteristic that differential diagnosis is no problem. .